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The concept of an "ethical wall," often referred to in legal contexts, is meant to prevent conflicts of interest and to protect sensitive information within a law firm. The other term that closely aligns with this idea is "code," which can signify a code of conduct or ethics that governs the behaviors and decision-making processes of legal practitioners.

An ethical wall is put in place to segregate individuals within a firm from each other in order to prevent the sharing of information that could lead to a conflict of interest, particularly when one member of the firm is working on a case that is adverse to a former or current client of another member of the firm. This is a critical component of maintaining professional responsibility and ethical standards.

Although the other terms presented may relate to legal practices, they do not capture the specific function and purpose of an ethical wall. For example, "litigation privilege" refers to the protection of communications in the context of preparing for litigation, but it does not address the broader ethical considerations. Similarly, a "confidentiality clause" and "contractual obligation" pertain to agreements and duties concerning information but do not inherently convey the concept of an ethical separation within a firm designed to maintain ethical compliance.