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Foreclosure specifically addresses the forced sale of real estate due to a loan default. This legal process occurs when a borrower fails to meet the repayment terms outlined in a mortgage agreement, resulting in the lender taking action to reclaim the property. The goal of foreclosure is to allow the lender to recover the balance owed on the mortgage through a public auction or sale of the property.

In this context, other options do not accurately describe the concept of foreclosure. The voluntary sale of property refers to a situation where the owner willingly sells their home, usually due to financial planning or market conditions, neither of which involves default. Illegal eviction pertains to the unlawful removal of a tenant from a rental property, which falls under landlord-tenant law rather than foreclosure. Restructuring mortgage terms involves renegotiating the conditions of a loan to make repayment more manageable for the borrower, again unrelated to the legal process of foreclosure. Thus, the correct answer highlights the specific nature of foreclosure as it pertains to loan default and recovery by the lender.